Anemia and Iron Deficiency Predict All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: 6-Year Follow-Up Study

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dc.authoridKöseoğlu, Fatoş Dilan/0000-0002-3947-0355
dc.authorwosidÖZLEK, BÜLENT/JLL-5279-2023
dc.authorwosidKöseoğlu, Fatoş Dilan/JFB-6243-2023
dc.contributor.authorKöseoğlu, Fatoş Dilan
dc.contributor.authorÖzlek, Bülent
dc.contributor.authorUrrechaga, Eloisa
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-09T18:48:46Z
dc.date.available2024-03-09T18:48:46Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractAims: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and its impact on clinical outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 212 patients with HFpEF and identified anemia as a serum hemoglobin level of less than 13 g/dL in men and less than 12 g/dL in women. Additionally, ID was defined as a serum ferritin concentration < 100 ng/mL or 100-299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation < 20%. Patients were followed up for an average of 66.2 +/- 12.1 months, with the endpoint being all-cause mortality among patients with HFpEF, both with and without anemia and iron deficiency. Furthermore, we explored other predictors of all-cause mortality. Results: The average age of the entire group was 70.6 +/- 10.5 years, with females comprising 55% of the patients. Anemia was present in 81 (38.2%) patients, while 108 (50.9%) had iron deficiency. At the end of the follow-up period, 60 (28.3%) of the patients had passed away. Patients with anemia displayed more heart failure (HF) symptoms, diastolic dysfunction, higher NT-pro-BNP levels, and worse baseline functional capacity than those without. Similarly, patients with iron deficiency showed more pronounced HF symptoms and worse functional capacity than those without. The results from the multivariable analyses revealed that anemia (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.401, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.303-6.209, log-rank p = 0.001), advanced age, iron deficiency (HR: 3.502, 95% CI: 2.204-6.701, log-rank p = 0.015), decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic kidney disease, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea were all independently associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusions: It is essential to consider anemia and iron deficiency as common comorbidities in managing and prognosis HFpEF, as they significantly increase mortality risk.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/diagnostics14020209
dc.identifier.issn2075-4418
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.pmid38248085en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85183156114en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14020209
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14034/1474
dc.identifier.volume14en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001151953400001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMdpien_US
dc.relation.ispartofDiagnosticsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectAnemia; Iron Deficiency; Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction; Mortality; Prognosisen_US
dc.titleAnemia and Iron Deficiency Predict All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: 6-Year Follow-Up Studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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