Hydrogeochemical and rare earth element properties of geothermal waters and the use of abandoned oil wells in Diyarbakır
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Springer
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
T & uuml;rkiye is one of the most tectonically active regions in the world. Diyarbak & imath;r, which was chosen as the study area, is located in the south-eastern Anatolian region of T & uuml;rkiye and also in the south of the Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone (BZSZ). Some of the geothermal resources in Diyarbak & imath;r are actively exploited. The temperature of & Ccedil;ermik geothermal waters was recorded at 40-51 degrees C by MTA (General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration) between 2010 and 2014. However, subsequent measurements conducted following the Kahramanmara & scedil; earthquake (Mw: 7.7 on 6 February 2023) revealed that the surface temperature of geothermal fluids had increased to between 52 and 56 degrees C. Previous studies have indicated that there are also many abandoned oil wells in the region where the wellhead temperatures are around 107 degrees C. As a result of hydrogeochemical analyses, deep circulating geothermal waters such as & Ccedil;ermik have Na-HCO3 composition, while shallow circulating and mixed cold surface waters such as & Ccedil;& imath;nar, Bismil and Sur have Na-Ca-Cl-HCO3 composition. According to the chalcedony geothermometer results, the reservoir temperatures in the study area vary between 90 degrees C and 173 degrees C. REY (Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium) results show that geothermal fluids in the study area have negative cerium (Ce), europium (Eu) and yttrium (Y) anomalies. The negative Ce anomaly indicates that the colder aquifers are close to oxygen-rich surface waters and thermal fluids interact with Karacada & gbreve; volcanic rocks. Eu anomalies in groundwater are controlled by preferential mobilisation of Eu2+ during water-rock interaction compared to Eu3+, and negative Eu anomalies indicate leakage of geothermal fluids from granites. The Y/Ho values of the thermal fluids in the study area are between 30 and 40. This value is due to the active contribution of fluorine during the mobilisation of REY as a fluoride or fluorocarbonate ligand complex, causing Y to behave as a heavy pseudolanthanide. delta 18O and delta 2H isotope values show that the geothermal waters in the study area are of meteoric origin. The obtained results reveal that Diyarbakir province has a geothermal potential and usage potential can be increased by using the abandoned oil wells.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Geothermal, Abandoned oil well, Rare earth elemen
