Türkiye'den Almanya'ya göç örneği: Üçüncü ve dördüncü kuşağın entegrasyon durumlarının karşılaştırılması
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
İzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
1961 yılından itibaren Almanya'da yaşatılan Türk kültürü, üçüncü ve dördüncü kuşakla birlikte Alman kültürüyle harmanlanmış olarak yaşatılmaya başlanmıştır. 60 yıldan uzun süredir sürdürülen göçmenlik olgusu ilk iki kuşaktan farklı olarak, üçüncü ve dördüncü kuşakta yerini, çoğunlukla kendini her iki ülkenin de vatandaşı olarak görmeye bırakmıştır. Bu bağlamda tezin amacı Almanya'da yaşayan üçüncü ve dördüncü kuşağın Esser'in entegrasyon teorisi bağlamında Almanya'ya entegre olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Tezde yöntem olarak, yorumlayıcı sosyal bilim yaklaşımına uygun olan yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu görüşme tercih edilmiştir. 16 erkek ve 15 kadınla Aralık 2023 ve Nisan 2024 ayları arasında online olarak görüşme sağlanmıştır. Görüşmenin bulguları; kuşaklar arası göçmen kimliği, yurt olarak Almanya: entegrasyon, Almancanın entegrasyondaki rolü ve Türklerin entegrasyon süreci olmak üzere dört kategori altında toplanmıştır. Tezin bulgularına bakıldığında her iki kuşakta da çoğunlukla Almanya'da doğduğu halde kendini göçmen olarak tanımlayan kişiler bulunmakla birlikte kendini her iki ülke ile özdeşleştiren veya kendini göçmen olarak görmeyen kişiler de bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca üçüncü ve dördüncü kuşağın Almanya'yı yurt olarak benimseyip benimsememe durumuna göre aidiyet duyguları ve entegrasyon durumları anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Bütün katılımcılar Almanya'ya entegre olduklarını ve bu konuda sorun yaşamadıklarını dile getirmektedir. Son olarak Almanya'nın uyguladığı ayrımcılığın entegrasyonu olumsuz şekilde etkilediği ve çoğu görüşmecinin bu ayrımcılığa maruz kaldığı da tezin sonuçları arasında yer almaktadır.
Since 1961, the Turkish culture has been kept alive in Germany, blended with the German culture with the third and fourth generation. Unlike the first two generations, the phenomenon of immigration, which has been going on for more than 60 years, has been replaced by seeing oneself as a citizen of both countries in the third and fourth generations. In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate and reveal whether the third and fourth generations living in Germany are integrated into Germany. Semi-structured open-ended interviews, which are in line with the interpretative social science approach, were preferred as the method of the study. 16 men and 15 women were interviewed online between December 2023 and April 2024. The findings of the interviews were grouped under four categories: intergenerational immigrant identity, Germany as a homeland: integration, the role of German in integration and the integration process of Turks. When the findings of the thesis are examined, it is seen that there are people in both generations who identify themselves as immigrants even though they were mostly born in Germany, but there are also people who identify themselves with both countries or do not see themselves as immigrants. In addition, it was tried to understand the sense of belonging and integration status of the third and fourth generations according to whether they have adopted Germany as a homeland or not. All participants stated that they were integrated into Germany and did not have any problems in this regard. Finally, it is among the conclusions of the thesis that the discrimination practiced by Germany has a negative impact on integration and that most of the interviewees were exposed to this discrimination.
Since 1961, the Turkish culture has been kept alive in Germany, blended with the German culture with the third and fourth generation. Unlike the first two generations, the phenomenon of immigration, which has been going on for more than 60 years, has been replaced by seeing oneself as a citizen of both countries in the third and fourth generations. In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate and reveal whether the third and fourth generations living in Germany are integrated into Germany. Semi-structured open-ended interviews, which are in line with the interpretative social science approach, were preferred as the method of the study. 16 men and 15 women were interviewed online between December 2023 and April 2024. The findings of the interviews were grouped under four categories: intergenerational immigrant identity, Germany as a homeland: integration, the role of German in integration and the integration process of Turks. When the findings of the thesis are examined, it is seen that there are people in both generations who identify themselves as immigrants even though they were mostly born in Germany, but there are also people who identify themselves with both countries or do not see themselves as immigrants. In addition, it was tried to understand the sense of belonging and integration status of the third and fourth generations according to whether they have adopted Germany as a homeland or not. All participants stated that they were integrated into Germany and did not have any problems in this regard. Finally, it is among the conclusions of the thesis that the discrimination practiced by Germany has a negative impact on integration and that most of the interviewees were exposed to this discrimination.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sosyoloji, Sociology, Göç; Almanya; 3. ve 4. Kuşak; Sosyal Entegrasyon, Migration; Germany; 3rd and 4th Generation; Social Integration.
