Çaglayan, AlperHorsanalı, Mustafa OzanKocadurdu, Kenanİsmailoğlu, ErenGüneyli, Serkan2023-03-222023-03-2220221677-55381677-6119https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2022.0132https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14034/680Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the success of a deep learning model in detecting kidney stones in different planes according to stone size on unenhanced computed tomography (CT) images. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 455 patients who underwent CT scanning for kidney stones between January 2016 and January 2020; of them, 405 were diagnosed with kidney stones and 50 were not. Patients with renal stones of 0-1 cm, 1-2 cm, and >2 cm in size were classified into groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Two radiologists reviewed 2,959 CT images of 455 patients in three planes. Subsequently, these CT images were evaluated using a deep learning model. The accuracy rate, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the deep learning model were determined. Results: The training group accuracy rates of the deep learning model were 98.2%, 99.1%, and 97.3% in the axial plane; 99.1%, 98.2%, and 97.3% in the coronal plane; and 98.2%, 98.2%, and 98.2% in the sagittal plane, respectively. The testing group accuracy rates of the deep learning model were 78%, 68% and 70% in the axial plane; 63%, 72%, and 64% in the coronal plane; and 85%, 89%, and 93% in the sagittal plane, respectively. Conclusions: The use of deep learning algorithms for the detection of kidney stones is reliable and effective. Additionally, these algorithms can reduce the reporting time and cost of CT-dependent urolithiasis detection, leading to early diagnosis and management.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessKidney CalculiTomography, X-Ray ComputedAlgorithmsArtificial IntelligenceDiseaseArticle10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2022.0132485830839Q1WOS:0008290817000132-s2.0-8513463203835838509Q2