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Öğe Assessing the perception of emotional prosody in healthy ageing(Wiley, 2024) Yıldırım, Cansu; Düzenli Öztürk, Seren; Parlak, Muemuene MerveBackground Emotional prosody is the reflection of emotion types such as happiness, sadness, fear and anger in the speaker's tone of voice. Accurately perceiving, interpreting and expressing emotional prosody is an inseparable part of successful communication and social interaction. There are few studies on emotional prosody, which is crucial for communication, and the results of these studies have inconsistent information regarding age and gender. Aims The primary aim of this study is to assess the perception of emotional prosody in healthy ageing. The other aim is to examine the effects of variables such as age, gender, language and neurocognitive capacity on the prediction of emotional prosody recognition skills. Methods and Procedures Sixty-nine participants between the ages of 18-75 were included in the study. Participants were grouped as the young group aged 18-35 (n = 26), the middle-aged group aged 36-55 (n = 24) and the elderly group aged 56-75 (n = 19). Perceptual emotional prosody test, motor response time test, and neuropsychological test batteries were administered to the participants. Participants were asked to recognise the emotion in the sentences played on the computer. Natural (neutral, containing neither positive nor negative emotion), happy, angry, surprised and panic emotions were evaluated with sentences composed of pseudoword stimuli. Results and Outcomes It was observed that the elderly group performed worse in recognising angry, panic, natural and happy emotions and in total recognition, which gives the correct recognition performance in recognition of all emotions. There was no age-related difference in recognition of the emotion of surprise. The women were more successful in recognising angry, panic, happy and total emotions compared to men. Age and Motor Reaction Time Test scores were found to be significant predictors in the emotional response time regression model. Age, language, attention and gender variables were found to have a significant effect on the regression model created for the success of total recognition of emotions (p < 0.05). Conclusions and Implications This was a novel study in which emotional prosody was assessed in the elderly by eliminating lexical-semantic cues related to emotional prosody and associating emotional prosody results with neuropsychiatric tests. All our findings revealed the importance of age for the perception of emotional prosody. In addition, the effects of cognitive functions such as attention, which decline with age, were found to be important. Therefore, it should not be forgotten that many factors contribute to the success of recognising emotional prosody correctly. In this context, clinicians should consider variables such as cognitive health and education when assessing the perception of emotional prosody in elderly individuals.Öğe The Turkish validity and reliability of addenbrooke's cognitive examination III(Wiley, 2025) Parlak, Mumune Merve; Munis, Ozlem Bizpinar; Kose, Aysen; Yıldırım, Cansu; Ulker, Cemil ArcanBackground: Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) was developed as a screening tool for cognitive disorders. Many countries have proven the cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of ACE-III. Aims: To make cultural adaptations of ACE-III for the Turkish population and to examine its validity and reliability. Methods & Procedures: First, ACE-III was translated and adapted into Turkish (ACE-III-TR), then its validity and reliability were examined. The study included 234 people: 93 with dementia (78 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 15 frontotemporal dementia (FTD)), 46 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 95 healthy. Two blinded speech and language therapists rated the ACE-III-TR simultaneously for interrater validity. The same practitioner retested the same participants 2 weeks later for test-retest reliability. The construct validity of the culturally adapted test was assessed by analysing subsection correlations with the ACE-III-TR total score. The association between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score, relevant subsections and ACE-III-TR total score was examined for criterion validity. Intergroup differences for healthy, MCI and dementia were studied for ACE-III-TR subsections and total score, and cut-off scores were calculated for total score with sensitivity and specificity in differential diagnosis. Results & Outcomes: Attention, memory and ACE-III-TR total scores showed a statistically significant difference between the three groups of dementia, MCI and healthy (p < 0.001). Statistically significant positive correlations ranging from 0.571 to 0.929 were found between ACE-III-TR subsections and total scores (p < 0.05). A highly significant positive correlation was found between MMSE total score and ACE-III-TR total score (r = 0.870). Between the second and first measurements, positive, moderately significant correlations were found for all subsections and ACE-III-TR total (ICC = 0.508-0.784, r = 0.477-0.646). A high level of agreement was found between two raters for all ACE-III-TR subsections and the ACE-III-TR total score (alpha = 0.9296-0.99995). The total ACE-III-TR cut-off score was 79.5 for healthy and MCI and 69.5 for MCI and mild stage dementia. Conclusions & Implications: This study found that ACE-III-TR is a sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of MCI and dementia that has high validity and reliability. ACE-III-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in dementia, including AD and FTD, and in mild, moderate and advanced dementia. By providing a more comprehensive assessment of a person's cognitive profile, it can help the clinician make a differential diagnosis of MCI and dementia. ACE-III-TR may be useful in monitoring the progression of cognitive deficits in clinical practice, research studies and therapy follow-up processes.Öğe Adaptation of Oxford cognitive screen into Turkish (OCS-TR): validity and reliability study in stroke survivors(Springernature, 2025) Oguz, Ozlem; Toğram, Bülent; Demeyere, NeleBackgroundThe existing cognitive screening tests used to assess cognitive disorders after stroke in T & uuml;rkiye face limitations in scope and user applicability. Therefore, this study aimed to address these limitations by adapting the stroke-specific cognitive screening test, the Oxford Cognitive Screen (OCS), into Turkish. Additionally, validity and reliability studies were conducted.MethodsA total of 114 stroke survivors and 92 healthy individuals participated in the study. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form, Oxford Cognitive Screen Turkish Version (OCS-TR), Aphasia Language Assessment Test (ADD), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test- Turkish (MOCA-TR), Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index (BGYAI) and Beck Depression Scale. The team followed an established and detailed step by step process guided by the OCS Concept Elaboration document. Statistical analyses were conducted with IBM SPSS Statistics. Validity and reliability studies, including content validity, known-groups validity, convergent and divergent validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and parallel forms reliability were conducted to assess the robustness of the measurement instruments.ResultsThe language and cultural adaptation process underwent content analysis, adhering to ISPOR and ISOQOL guidelines, resulting in minimal content changes post-pilot study. Notable differences in subtest scores between healthy and stroke participants in both A and B forms of OCS-TR demonstrate known-groups validity, emphasizing superior performance in healthy participants. Strong convergent validity was evidenced by significant correlations with MOCA-TR (rs=0.18 to 0.81) and BGYAI (rs=0.19 to 0.51), while divergent validity was supported by weak correlations with overall BGYAI scores. Noteworthy correlations between specific subtests of OCS-TR and ADD underscore concurrent validity, with high inter- and intra-rater reliability, internal consistency (alpha = 0.90 for stroke, alpha = 0.65 for healthy) and test-retest reliability (rs=0.89 to 0.99). Parallel forms reliability was high in both healthy and stroke participants, though significant differences were observed on specific subtests.ConclusionThe results confirm that the OCS-TR scale can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cognitive functions in stroke survivors. This stroke-specific tool offers clinicians a comprehensive and inclusive brief cognitive screening tool tailored to the needs of stroke patients.Öğe Age-related aspects of sex differences in event-related brain oscillatory responses: a Turkish study(MDPI, 2024) Yener, Goersev; Kiyi, Ilayda; Düzenli-Öztürk, Seren; Yerlikaya, DenizEarlier research has suggested gender differences in event-related potentials/oscillations (ERPs/EROs). Yet, the alteration in event-related oscillations (EROs) in the delta and theta frequency bands have not been explored between genders across the three age groups of adulthood, i.e., 18-50, 51-65, and >65 years. Data from 155 healthy elderly participants who underwent a neurological examination, comprehensive neuropsychological assessment (including attention, memory, executive function, language, and visuospatial skills), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from past studies were used. The delta and theta ERO powers across the age groups and between genders were compared and correlational analyses among the ERO power, age, and neuropsychological tests were performed. The results indicated that females displayed higher theta ERO responses than males in the frontal, central, and parietal regions but not in the occipital location between 18 and 50 years of adulthood. The declining theta power of EROs in women reached that of men after the age of 50 while the theta ERO power was more stable across the age groups in men. Our results imply that the cohorts must be recruited at specified age ranges across genders, and clinical trials using neurophysiological biomarkers as an intervention endpoint should take gender into account in the future.Öğe Serebral palsili çocuklarda dizartri müdahalesinde LSVT LOUD terapi yönteminin etkililiğinin incelenmesi(İzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Papurcu, Aysu; Öztürk, Seren DüzenliAktiviteye bağlı nöroplastisite ilkeleri, dizartrili serebral palsili (SP) çocuklarda terapi protokollerine yön vermektedir. Parkinson hastalığına bağlı ses ve konuşma bozukluklarının terapisi için geliştirilmiş Lee Silverman Ses Terapisi (LSVT LOUD), aktiviteye bağlı nöroplastisite ilkelerini dahil eden yerleşik bir protokoldür. Yakın zamanda tek denekli ve vaka çalışması olarak dizartrili SP'li çocuklarda LSVT LOUD'u inceleyen çalışmalar, dizartrili SP'li çocukların ses ve konuşma özelliklerindeki olumlu terapötik değişikliklere dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışma; dizartrili SP'li çocuklara LSVT LOUD uygulanması sonucu ses ve konuşmanın akustik ve algısal özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır. Çalışmaya ortalama yaşları 114,17±23,25 ay olan 12 dizartrili SP'li katılımcı katılmıştır. Katılımcılara yapılandırılmış bir ev programı eşliğinde haftada birer saatlik 4 seans LSVT LOUD terapi protokolü, ardışık 4 hafta boyunca uygulanmıştır. Terapi öncesinde ve sonrasında katılımcılara terapide çalışılan ve çalışılmayan görevlerden oluşan değerlendirme seansları yapılmıştır. Ebeveynler ve çalışmaya kör dinleyiciler katılımcıların ses ve konuşma özelliklerinin algısal değerlendirmesini yapmışlardır. Çalışma sonucunda; katılımcılarda terapiyi takiben ses ve konuşma mekanizması üzerindeki fizyolojik etkileri temsil eden akustik sinyalin belirli özelliklerinde ve genellemeyi temsil eden cümle tekrarlama görevlerinde olumlu değişiklikler tespit edilmiştir. Ebeveynler ve dinleyiciler katılımcıların ses ve konuşma özelliklerinde olumlu gelişmeler bildirmiştir. Bulgular LSVT LOUD'un SP'li çocukların ses özelliklerinde geliştirici etkiye sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir.Öğe The normative study of acoustic and aerodynamic characteristics of voice among healthy adult Turkish speaker population(Hindawi Ltd, 2021) Sen, Ayşegül Zencir; Toğram, BülentPhonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS Model 6600) is an evaluation instrument that assesses the effectiveness of surgical interventions, treatments, and therapy for voice disorders. It can be used for the assessment of voice disorders by supporting other perceptual and instrumental methods. It is important to establish normative data, because the use of appropriate norms is necessary for diagnostic and descriptive accuracy. Therefore, this study is aimed primarily at establishing adult normative databases for phonatory aerodynamic measures obtained with the KayPENTAX PAS Model 6600 among healthy adult Turkish speakers and then examining the effect of age, gender, and age-gender interaction variables on these measures. The contribution of the study is considered so important since it will generate normative data for all measurements-except the mean pitch-by the five protocols of PAS for the first time. Two hundred and six healthy Turkish speakers with normal voice (106 women and 100 men) were included in the study and stratified into three age groups. Forty-five phonatory aerodynamic measures across five PAS protocols (vital capacity, maximum sustained phonation, comfortable sustained phonation, variation in sound pressure level, and voicing efficiency) were collected. Age, gender, and age-gender interaction variables were analyzed for 45 PAS parameters. Significant gender and age effect was found for 30 and 19 variables, respectively. Gender-age interaction together was observed for only 6 parameters. Significant differences were not found for the remaining 10 parameters. Significant age and gender effects were observed for 35 phonatory and aerodynamic measures which are essential part of the objective clinical assessment of voice. Consequently, normative data used as reference in voice assessment should be generated according to age and gender differences.Öğe Taxonomically-related word pairs evoke both N400 and LPC at long SOA in Turkish(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2022) Düzenli-Öztürk, Seren; Hünerli-Gündüz, Duygu; Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu; Olichney, John; Yener, Görsev G.; Ergenç, H. İclalSemantic priming in Turkish was examined in 36 right-handed healthy participants in a delayed lexical decision task via taxonomic relations using EEG. Prime-target relations included related- unrelated- and pseudo-words. Taxonomically related words at long stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) were shown to modulate N400 and late positive component (LPC) amplitudes. N400 semantic priming effect in the time window of 300-500 ms was the largest for pseudo-words, intermediate for semantically-unrelated targets, and smallest for semantically-related targets as a reflection of lexical-semantic retrieval. This finding contributes to the ERP literature showing how remarkably universal the N400 brain potential is, with similar effects across languages and orthography. The ERP data also revealed different influences of related, unrelated, and pseudo-word conditions on the amplitude of the LPC. Attention scores and mean LPC amplitudes of related words in parietal region showed a moderate correlation, indicating LPC may be related to relationship-detection process.
