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    Comparison of the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) and alendronate sodium on tibial fracture healing in rats: an experimental study
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2024) Tepedelenlioglu, Huseyin Emre; Abduelaliyev, Ferid; Ahmadov, Asim; Dizakar, Saadet Ozen Akarca; Ozogul, Candan; Esen, Erdinc
    Purpose:The objective of this study is to compare the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on bone healing with those of alendronate, a bisphosphonate widely used in practice.Materials and Methods:An iatrogenic fracture was created in the tibial shaft of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats with osteotome and fixed with an intramedullary Kirschner wire (K-wire). After surgery, Group 1 was given 0.2 mg/kg/day of oral alendronate sodium on postoperative Day 1 to 28, Group 2 received a single dose of 0.5 mg/kg of intraosseous rhEGF on postoperative Days 1 and 14, and Group 3 was followed for a total of four weeks with oral saline. At the end of Week 4, the animals were euthanized and the lower extremities were removed by stripping the soft tissues without damaging the callus. Tissue samples of groups were prepared and and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. After staining, histological scoring was performed to evaluate the degree of union.Results: Alendronate sodium group demonstrated a mean histological score of 6.95 +/- 1.28. The rhEGF group had a lower mean score of 4.85 +/- 1.66. The placebo group exhibited the least progress in bone healing with a mean score of 4.10 +/- 1.68. The histological score was significantly higher in the alendronate sodium group compared to both the rhEGF and placebo groups. There was also a statistically significant difference between the rhEGF and placebo groups in terms of scores. Conclusion: Alendronate sodium enhanced fracture healing processes in rats. The role of rhEGF in bone healing requires further exploration. As the understanding of bisphosphonates and growth factors in bone healing evolves, the strategies for optimizing patient care in orthopedic settings are expected to be developed.
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    Ellagic acid increases implantation rates with its antifibrotic effect in the rat model of intrauterine adhesion
    (Elsevier Gmbh, 2023) Saribas, Gulistan Sanem; Dizakar, Ozen Akarca; Ozogul, Candan; Celik, Ekin; Ergoren, Mahmut Cerkez
    Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) are defined as the adhesion of opposing endometrial tissue with dense fibrous adhesive bands within the uterine cavity. With the increase in cesarean sections and endometrial surgical pro-cedures, intrauterine adhesions have become a problem with increasing incidence and decreasing implantation. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA), a phenolic compound, on fibrosis in IUA model rats. Another goal of the study was to increase endometrial receptivity with EA. The groups in the study were planned as control, DMSO, EA, IUA, IUA+DMSO, and IUA+EA, with 8 Sprague Dawley rats in each group. EA was administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 35 days. At the end of the experiment, the uterine tissues of the rats were removed. Histochemical staining was used to validate the IUA model and determine the degree of fibrosis. The levels of some fibrosis-related genes and proteins in the obtained uterine tissues were evaluated. In addition, implantation rates were determined. In our findings, it was observed that the fibrotic structure was decreased in the treated IUA+EA group compared to the IUA group, while fibrotic improvement was supported by down-regulation of TGF & beta;1 activity and up-regulation of BMP7 activity. The increase in the expression of the endometrial marker LIF with EA treatment was consistent with the increase in implantation rates with treatment. As a result of the study, it can be said that EA applied as a treatment against IUA causes healing in uterine tissue by reducing fibrosis and increases implantation rates by increasing endometrial receptivity.