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    Long term outcome in obstetric brachial plexus injury at a tertiary care center
    (Selçuk BAŞAK, 2022) Tekin, Hande Gazeteci; Olukman, Özgür
    Background/Aim: Obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI) is caused by traction to the brachial plexus during labor. Traction injury may vary from neurapraxia or axonotmesis to neurotmesis and can cause edema, avulsion, or rupture of the nerve. Improvement in the first two weeks after birth is a good indicator of outcome. The disability varies according to the location and severity of the effect in the plexus. However, most injuries are transient, with a total return of function in many cases. This study aimed to obtain clues for the prevention and follow-up of obstetric brachial plexus injuries by revealing the outcome and clinical features. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, hospital records of patients with brachial plexus injury due to delivery were reviewed between January 2017 and September 2021. Injury levels, birth weights, other injuries at birth, maternal age, gravidity, gestation time, and treatment response were recorded. Brachial plexus injuries of the patients were classified per the NARAKAS classification. The Spearman correlation and Pearson correlation tests were used for correlation analyses. The variables were evaluated with the Chi-Square and Student's t-tests. The normality of the distribution was assessed with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. A value of P
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    Öğe
    Prenatal smoke exposure is associated with increased anogenital distance in female infants: a prospective case-control study
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2021) Kızılay, Deniz Özalp; Aydin, Cansever; Aygun, Ayşe Pakel; Tuhan, Hale Unver; Olukman, Özgür
    Objectives: To investigate the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on newborn infants' anogenital distance (AGD). Methods: Fifty-six female and sixty-four male newborn infants from mothers who smoked during pregnancy were included in this study. A control group for each sex was selected from infants whose mothers had no active or passive (in either the household or the workplace) smoke exposure before or during pregnancy. Questionnaire data on maternal demographic characteristics and information about cigarette use were collected. We assessed genital anthropometry which included AGD for both male and female neonates, and stretched penile length (SPL), penile girth for males within the first 48 h after birth. AGD measurements were also normalized according to birth weight (AGD/weight in grams), length (AGD/height in millimeters), and ponderal index [AGD/(weight in grams/height in cubic centimeters)]. Anogenital index (AGI) was calculated by dividing the AGD by cube root of birth weight. Results: In female infants, prenatal smoke exposure was associated with significantly increased weight-adjusted AGD (p=0.03). There was also a significant correlation between mothers' daily smoking rates and weight-adjusted AGD (r=0.27/p=0.03). In male infants, fetal smoke exposure was not associated with any AGD measurements, SPL and penile girth. Conclusions: A significant increase in weight-adjusted AGD in female infants exposed to maternal smoking may be an indicator of antenatal androgen exposure and may pose a risk for short and long-term endocrine, metabolic and behavioral problems.