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    Estimation of sex from femoral bone using radiological imaging methods in Turkish population
    (Schweizerbart Science Publishers, 2024) Bakici, Rukiye Sumeyye; Ocal, Zeynep Ayvat; Meral, Orhan; Oner, Zulal; Oner, Serkan
    Sex estimation is leading to determine the biological profile in forensic medicine. The aim of this study is to research the effectiveness of logistic regression (LogR) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) to create sex estimation models on femur images obtained with Computed Tomography (CT) angiography and to address the differences of femur, which show sexual dimorphism, among populations. All parameters were measured on three planes by adjusting the 300 CT angiography images from 150 women and 150 men that focused on the left femur to the orthogonal plane with standard magnification. The subgroup, which included 30 images randomly generated from these images, was measured twice with an interval of 3 weeks by the first radiologist and once by the second radiologist. According to the Fisher’s Linear Discriminant analysis, which was evaluated with ten parameters in the study, it was concluded that the power of discriminating women was 96.7%, the power of discriminating men was 98.7%, and the total discrimination power was 97.7%; these results were 98%, 99.3%, and 98.7%, respectively according to LogR. In this study, DFA and LogR analysis showed that femur provided a very good rate of sexual dimorphism. A database belonging to the Turkish population was created for the femur, allowing for comparison between populations. © 2024 E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany.
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    Prediction of anemia with thoracic computed tomography findings
    (Turkish Assoc Trauma Emergency Surgery, 2024) Ocal, Zeynep Ayvat; Koseoglu, Fatos Dilan
    BACKGROUND: This study explored the potential of non-contrast thoracic computed tomography (CT) to predict anemia by correlating CT parameters with hemoglobin (Hb) levels in patients who underwent non-contrast thoracic CT for various indications. METHODS: This retrospective study included 150 patients who underwent non-contrast thoracic CT scans and complete blood counts within 24 hours at our center between January and June 2023. Exclusion criteria included acute bleeding, iron accumulation disorders, recent transfusions, pregnancy, and certain thoracic CT artifacts. Hounsfield Unit (HU) measurements were obtained from the ascending aorta, left ventricular cavity, and descending aorta, and compared with Hb and hematocrit (Htc) values. Anemia indicators such as the Aortic Ring Sign (ARS) and the Hyperdense Septum Sign (HSS) were also evaluated. RESULTS: Anemic patients (48%) exhibited significantly lower HU measurements at all three CT scan locations and higher instances of ARS and HSS compared to non-anemic patients. Notably, the presence of HSS and ARS was strongly associated with anemia. Thresholds for HU measurements corresponding to anemia were determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, which also revealed strong positive correlations between HU measurements and Hb/Htc levels. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that non-contrast thoracic CT parameters, particularly HU measurements and the presence of ARS and HSS, are significantly associated with anemia. These CT indicators could serve as reliable, non-invasive markers for predicting anemia in patients, potentially aiding in the early diagnosis and management of the condition.