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    3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation may affect biomechanics of bone and muscle of diabetics
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Bektas, Hava; Dasdag, Suleyman; Nalbant, Asrin; Akdag, Mahmut Berat; Demir, Canan; Kavak, Servet
    With the developments in wireless technologies, living beings are increasingly exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs). EMFs are known to affect bone metabolism and muscle tissue. However, their effects on bones and skeletal muscles are controversial, as some studies have reported positive effects while others have reported adverse effects. In this study, the effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on bone biomechanics and skeletal muscle tissues were investigated in diabetic and healthy rats. Rats were exposed to 3.5 GHz RFR for 2 h per day for 30 days. Bone biomechanics measurements were taken to evaluate the effects of RFR on bone quality, flexibility and durability. The whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR) was found to be 37 mW/kg. The results showed that RFR exposure had adverse effects on bone biomechanics, including decreased elasticity coefficient and Young's modulus, increased maximum displacement and decreased maximum force. However, oxidative stress parameters in diabetics were also altered by 3.5 GHz RFR to a greater extent than in healthy rats. In conclusion, 3.5 GHz RFR may have potential to alter bone quality and structural integrity including muscle oxidative stress parameters in rats. It should be emphasized that the observed changes were more obvious in diabetic rats. In addition, the changes observed in healthy and diabetic rats exposed to RFR showed a statistically significant difference according to the sham groups.
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    Adverse effects of 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phones on bone and skeletal muscle
    (Taylor & Francis Inc, 2023) Bektas, Hava; Nalbant, Asrin; Akdag, Mahmut Berat; Demir, Canan; Kavak, Servet; Dasdag, Suleyman
    The goal of this study was to biomechanically and morphologically research both the impact of mobile phone like radiofrequency radiations (RFR) on the tibia and the effects on skeletal muscle through oxidative stress parameters. Fifty-six rats (200-250 g) were put into groups: healthy sham (n = 7), healthy RFR (900, 1800, 2100 MHz) (n = 21), diabetic sham (n = 7) and diabetic RFR (900, 1800, 2100 MHz) (n = 21). Over a month, each group spent two hours/day in a Plexiglas carousel. The rats in the experimental group were exposed to RFR, but the sham groups were not. At the end of the experiment, the right tibia bones and skeletal muscle tissue were removed. The three-point bending test and radiological evaluations were performed on the bones, and CAT, GSH, MDA, and IMA in muscles were measured. There were differences in biomechanics properties and radiological evaluations between the groups (p < .05). In the measurements in the muscle tissues, significant differences were statistically found (p < .05). The average whole-body SAR values for GSM 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz were 0.026, 0.164, and 0.173 W/kg. RFRs emitted from mobile phone may cause adverse effects on tibia and skeletal muscle health, though further studies are needed.
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    Computer aided analysis of biomechanical performance of schanz screw with different additive manufacturing materials used in pertrochanteric fixator on an intertrochanteric femoral fracture (corrosion resistance approach)
    (Wiley, 2023) Gok, Arif; Urtekin, Levent; Gok, Kadir; Ada, H. Deniz; Nalbant, Asrin
    This study examines the use of computer-aided analysis to evaluate the biomechanical performance of Schanz screws made from different additive manufacturing materials (Ti6Al4V, 316 L, Inconel 625, and Inconel 718) in a pertrochanteric fixator for the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Intertrochanteric fractures (ITFs) are severe traumas often seen in the elderly population and can lead to serious consequences. The primary objective of ITF surgery is to provide stability and allow for early ambulation and rehabilitation. The Pertrochanteric Fixator is a surgical implant used to treat hip fractures near the greater trochanter, and is attached to the femur with screws. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia and typically takes 1-2 h. Possible complications include infection, nerve injury, and hardware failure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biomechanical performance of Schanz screw using computer-aided analysis, comparing the effects of various additive manufacturing materials including Ti6Al4V, 316 L, Inconel 625 and Inconel 718 in a pertrochanteric fixator for intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Additionally, this study will also consider the corrosion resistance of these materials to ensure long-term durability and effectiveness in a clinical setting. The stress values mentioned for the implant materials are as follows. Ti6Al4V: 153.33 MPa, 316 L: 180.98 MPa, Inconel 625: 158.94 MPa, Inconel 718: 148.91 MPa. Higher stress values indicate a greater load transfer to the bone, which can potentially lead to stress shielding. Stress shielding occurs when an implant bears a significant portion of the load that should be transferred to the bone. This reduced stress at the fracture site can prevent the healing process, as bones require adequate stress levels for optimal remodeling and regeneration.
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    Investigation of bone biomechanics in rats with traumatic kidney injury
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Nalbant, Asrin; Saygin, Duygu Akin; Aydin, Arif; Aydin Kabakci, Anil Didem
    Objective: Mineral metabolism disorders are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increase the risk of fractures. It has been confirmed by animal models that these changes in bone also cause negative results in the mechanical properties of bone. Although there are many available methods for diagnosing metabolic bone disorders and estimating fracture risk, it has been suggested that biomechanical tests that provide information about bone's structural and material properties are most appropriate, particularly in small rodents with CKD. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of trauma-induced kidney damage on bone biomechanical properties. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used 16 adult Wistar Albino rats, 200-300 g, 4-5 months old. The animals were examined under two groups: kidney control (n = 9) and healty kidney control group and kidney damage group (n = 7). In the control group, the rats were fixed by laparotomy, and the kidneys were closed without suturing. However, the kidney damage group was approached by suturing. Results: When the bone biomechanical properties of the control and kidney-damaged groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was found between the displacement at maximum load, duration, and young's modulus groups (P < 0.005). Conclusion: The study showed that the bone biomechanical properties of rats with trauma-induced kidney damage changed, and there was an increased fracture risk.
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    Radiologıcal Evaluation of Volar Cortical Angle in the Anatolian Population
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2023) Nalbant, Asrin; Ismailoglu, Eren; Turhan, Ebru; Duygu, Ozden Bedre
    Distal radius fractures are the most common fractures of the upper limb. The most commonly used method in the repair of these fractures is volar locking plates. Recently, the frequency of removal of volar locking plates after surgery has increased. There are many factors in its reduction. Anatomically, incompatibility of the distal end of the radius with volar locking plates is one of them. In previous studies, different volar cortical angle (VCA) values were found in other races. For this reason, this study aimed to determine the mean values by making VCA measurements of the Anatolian population. The study was designed retrospectively. In the study, measurements were made on computed tomography (CT) images of the distal end of the radius of 53 men and 28 women. Radial width, intermediate volar angle, and radial volar angle were measured in the images. On average, the radius width was 23.35 +/- 1.96 mm, and the intermediate volar angle was 26.02 +/- 3.83(degrees), radial volar angle was 24 +/- 3.07(degrees). Radial width, intermediate volar angle, and radial volar angle differed significantly by gender (p<0.001). A significant correlation was found between radius width, intermediate volar angle, and radial volar angle values (p<0.001). It has been determined that the Anatolian population has a different VCA value than the European, Asian, and other populations. When using volar locking plates in distal radius fracture surgery, volar locking plates should be selected by considering the average values of the races.
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    Thought, Attitudes, and Practices of the Anatomy Departments on Receiving and Embalming Cadavers During the Pandemic Process
    (Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2022) Uzuner, Muhammet Bora; Nalbant, Asrin; Geneci, Ferhat; Turhan, Ebru
    During the Covid-19 pandemic that has marked the last years, while governments tried to control the spread of the virus, many-body donation programs were suspended due to difficulties that could potentially be encountered. Given the low body donation acceptance rates during this period, through this study we aimed to evaluate academics' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in cadaver acceptance and embalming practices during the pandemic. The research population of thestudy consisted of the faculty of 112 universities in Turkey who taught in under graduate and graduate programs in the Anatomy Department in 2020. An electronic questionnaire of 24 items, including demographic data, was distributed to the participants' official e-mail addresses. In addition, support was received from the Turkish Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy Society, whose members were also approached through their official group e-mail accounts. Answers were collected from 78 (39 %) out of 200 academics. The findings of the study were under 5 headings (information about cadaver donation and imported cadavers, attitude towards importation of cadavers and acceptance of body donations, precautions against contagion in importation of cadavers and acceptance of body donations and thoughts on their adequacy, considerations for adoption of cadavers for post-graduation education, advice on avoiding contagion in cadaver embalming) were collected and analyzed. The study high lights the importance of cadaver acceptance and embalming practices for medical education to minimally continue in the post-pandemic period. It can also serve as a reference for being cautious when faced with similar situations in the future.