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    Clinical and Electrophysiological Features Predicting Response to Antiseizure Medications in Juvenile Absence Epilepsy
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2023) Karaoglu, Pakize; Tekin, Hande Gazeteci
    Background We aimed to evaluate the clinical findings and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics of patients with juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) and to determine the factors that predict response to antiseizure medications (ASMs) in JAE. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 29 patients with JAE. The patients who were seizure-free during the last 12 months of their follow-up and who did not have generalized spike waves on their last EEG were considered as the treatment-responsive group, and the patients whose clinical seizures persisted during the last 12 months of their follow-up or who had generalized spike waves on their follow-up EEGs were considered as patients who did not respond to ASMs. Results There were 29 patients, 20 girls and nine boys, with a mean age of 13.34 +/- 2.17 years and a follow-up time of 32.1 +/- 11.9 months. Twenty-two cases (75.8%) were evaluated as responsive to treatment. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) were statistically more common in patients who did not respond to ASM. Epileptic seizures began at a younger age in the group that responded to medication. Occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity (OIRDA) in EEG was significantly higher in the group that responded to the medication. Conclusion Our study shows that concomitant GTCS may predict poorer response to ASMs in JAE. Younger age at diagnosis and OIRDA on EEG may be associated with better response to treatment. Our findings need to be confirmed by further prospective and long-term studies.
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    Clinical and Electrophysiological Prognostic Factors of Childhood Absence Epilepsy
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2021) Tekin, Hande Gazeteci; Karaoglu, Pakize; Edem, Pinar
    Aim: Childhood absence epilepsy is common idiopathic epilepsy in childhood. This epilepsy, which has been shown to impair cognition, needs to be treated promptly and correctly. Therefore, determining its prognostic factors before treatment can provide prediction on the duration of treatment, drug selection, and drug dosage. Materials and Methods: The electroencephalography (EEG) and clinical findings of patients diagnosed with childhood absence epilepsy who were monitored for at least 12 months in the pediatric neurology clinics of two university hospitals between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups as responsive and unresponsive, according to seizures, EEG findings, and recurrent seizures after treatment. The epidemiological and clinical features of the two groups were compared. Results: Sixty-three patients who were diagnosed with childhood absence epilepsy according to the Panayiotopoulos criteria participated in this study. Thirty-nine (62%) of the patients were responsive to treatment (group 1), the remaining 24 patients (38%) (group 2) were unresponsive to treatment. Fifteen patients were valproate resistant, and nine patients relapsed after drug treatment withdrawal in group 2. The mean age of the patients was 7.87 +/- 1.68. The mean follow-up period was 29.1 +/- 13.6 (13-72 months) months. The mean age was tower in the responsive group of patients. The time between the onset of seizures and treatment was significantly longer in group 2. The number of patients with occipital intermittent rhythmic delta activity (OIRDA) in the responsive group was higher. A significant difference was found in the number of spike-slow wave complex and the amplitude of discharges between the two groups. Conclusion: In this study, it was seen that young age was an advantage for treatment response. Early initiation of treatment and OIRDA were good prognostic factors, while high amplitude and numerous discharges were among the poor prognostic factors.