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Öğe Impacts of Soil Temperature on Apricot Productivity in Malatya, Turkey: A Longitudinal Analysis Using Inverse Distance Weighting(Uğur ÇAKILCIOĞLU, 2024) Altıngöller, Melike; Karakurt, Melisa; Şengün, M. Taner; Karadeniz, Enes; Sunbul, FatihThis longitudinal study analyzes the impact of soil temperature on apricot productivity in Malatya, Turkey, from 2004 to 2022. Utilizing Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) to correlate detailed soil temperature maps with apricot yield and production data, we identify significant temperature-dependent variations in apricot yields. Our findings reveal that optimal soil temperature management is crucial for maximizing apricot productivity, as deviations from ideal soil temperatures correlate strongly with yield fluctuations. Specifically, periods of increased soil temperatures generally correspond with higher productivity, highlighting the delicate balance required for optimal apricot cultivation. This research underscores the importance of integrating climate considerations into agricultural planning and offers valuable insights for developing adaptive strategies to enhance apricot production in the face of global climate variability. By mapping the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil temperature and its impact on apricot yield, this study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable agricultural practices and the economic resilience of the apricot sector in Malatya.Öğe Land use and land cover change in Duzce region following the major earthquake: implications for ANN and Markov Chain Analysis(Springer, 2023) Karadeniz, Enes; Sunbul, FatihEarthquakes are natural events that affect the spatial and temporal dynamics of land use/land cover. Here, we have focused on the city of Duzce, NW of Turkey, which has experienced the M > 7 doublet earthquakes in 1999. In order to conduct land cover change analysis and future projection, we have utilized integrated the multilayer perceptron neural network-based Markov chain model combined with geographical information systems. Our results show that most of the land use in 1990 was 77,601 hectares (65.89% of the region) consist of forest and shrubs. By 2020, agricultural land was the most expanding land class in the region with 48.80%. The 1999 earthquake caused the city to grow horizontally in the long run, and this expansion has ended the occupation in grade-one-agricultural lands that prevailed in the region. This horizontal development also caused the residential areas that covered 2.76% of the study area in 1999 expand to the ratio of 20.37% in 2050. It has been determined that the most effective driver in these changes in the land cover is the distance from urban with a Cramer's value of 0.4299. For this reason, the area that is most exposed to land cover change is the forest and shrub areas occupied by the city, which has spread to the northeast due to the earthquake. It is concluded that the earthquakes can change the land cover of the city significantly in various aspects in the long term, contrary to the approved zoning plans.Öğe STRATEGIES FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS(2024) Engin, Fahrettin; Karadeniz, Enes; Sengün, Mustafa Taner; Sunbul, FatihIn the twentieth century, governance approaches to watershed planning evolved in response to environmental challenges. The paper highlights the importance of watersheds and explores methodologies used in global watershed planning over the last decade, focusing on popular methods and their rationale. Through a systematic literature review of 10,154 publications, using ENDNOTE X9 for citation management (Bramer, 2018), and VOSviewer ver.1.6.18 software (Van Eck and Waltman, 2018) to prioritize publications, the study identified the most cited publications related to \"Watershed\", \"Planning\", and \"Management\". From these, publications aligning with study objectives underwent comprehensive review, totaling 270. Commonly used methods, such as \"Integrated Watershed Management Planning\" and geographic information systems techniques like morphometric indices, overlap weighting, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), emerged as prevalent findings.Öğe Van ili çevresi kabuk deformasyon analizi ve deprem tehlike değerlendirmesi(2021) Sünbül, Fatih; Aslan, Hüseyin Mert; Karadeniz, EnesVan ili ve çevresi, bölgesinde var olan güçlü tektonik hareketler ve deformasyonların etkisi altındadır. Bu deformasyonların esas kaynağını Arabistan levhasının Anadolu levhasına göre göreceli kuzey ve kuzey batı yönlü hareketi oluşturur. Bu bağıl hareket sonucunda Bitlis Zagros Kenet Kuşağı, Doğu Anadolu ve Kuzey Anadolu Fay sistemleri bölgenin depremselliğinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bölgede var olan gerilme analizlerinin belirlenmesi, Van ili ve çevresinde oluşacak deprem tehlikesini daha net ortaya çıkaracaktır. Bu bağlamda bölgede var olan GPS verileri ve Global CMT kataloğundan elde edilen depremsellik verileri kullanılarak çalışma alanında deformasyon oranı tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre çalışma alanında 40 n gerinim/yıl deformasyon alanı elde edilmiş, bölgesel gerilim içerisindeki bu küçük KB-GD sıkışma bileşeninin, 2011 Van depreminde olduğu gibi deprem mekanizmasında beklenenden daha büyük bir rol oynayabileceği saptanmıştır. Bölgede hâkim olan dilatasyon mekanizması incelendiğinde ise; Van ili ve çevresinde 25 n gerinim/yıl olan kesme bileşeni Karlıova bölgesine yaklaşıldıkça 170 n gerinim/yıl mertebesine erişmektedir. 2003 yılında bu bölgede meydana gelen Mw 6.4 Bingöl depreminin sağ yanal bir yapıda olması, Kuzey Anadolu Fay mekanizmasının Van ili civarına kadar uzanabileceğini işaret etmektedir. Bu alanda meydana gelebilecek büyük ölçekte deprem, Van Ovası’nda yerel zemin koşullarına bağlı olarak, yerleşim yerlerinde potansiyel tehlike oluşturabileceği ön görülmektedir.